Long confined to the industrial sector, ergonomics has gradually opened up to the service sector such as: Transport/logistics/Administration/NICT/finance/Education/Health… and is also attached to the transversal study of activities in the work situation, as well as the interactive agent(s)/client(s) relationship. P.Falzon and S. Lapeyrière (1998) underlined this, recalling that “ergonomics, traditionally oriented towards industrial sectors, has recently become interested in service activities and the study of their characteristics, …”, particularly around the role played by interactive processes of the “agent-client” type in the very construction of work processes. Considered as a sub-specialty of ergonomics, hospital ergonomics contributes to the analysis of the constraints and specificities of the activity due to the multiple actors in the medical act, the complexity of the processes and interactions implemented and the risks incurred (physical, psychological, biological, chemical, psychosocial) by medical and paramedical personnel in diverse situations.

The analysis of activity in a hospital environment comes from the observation of the existence of degraded functioning in the triptych relationship – Hospital organization / medical staff / Patients. In this sense, hospital activity, centered on the preservation of human health, remains particular and presents specific work situations which call upon ergonomic intervention to understand how the real activity and the processes which underpin it are hampered. and act in terms of operational recommendations in order to improve the conditions for carrying out the activity.

In our intervention, we will address, succinctly, three macro logics; Organization / Job / patient requests -, to capture the different dynamics in complex interactions.